Lupine Publishers | Synthesis of Some Piperidine, Pyrmidine and Diazipine Compounds Containing Furyl Derivatives

Lupine Publishers | Journal of Nanomedicine

Abstract

It was known that nearly 65% of anti-cancer drugs granted market approved by FDA between 210-1015 are heterocyclic compounds and about 95% of heterocyclic compounds are drugs. Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms in their structures (nitrogen based)were also proved by FDA during the above period that they form two third of cancer drugs. There are many corresponding reviews associated with the impact and usage of different heterocyclic compounds as anti- platelet, antihypertensions and a lot of biological and medicinal applications. So according to the importance of heterocyclic compounds in therapeutic and a variety of pharmaceutical, medicinal applications which attracts attentions of many researchers on synthesizing new compounds of this class. We are here synthesizing some new nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds, Piperidine compounds(E_4-8), 1,4-Dihydropyridine derivatives(E_9-20) And finally diazepine compounds(E_31-37)The synthesized compounds were studied using IR and1H NMR Spectral methods and were discussed.

Introduction

Furfural is known as important intermediate for a variety of chemical compounds for example semi carbazides and semi carbazones [1], 2-(2-Furyl) [1,3] dioxolane [2]. It was also found that furfural is also used for medicinal and industrial applications [3] S Lewkowski in (2001) has synthesized 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid by multistep synthesis starting from furfural [4].It was known that mucochloric acid had remarkable activity. against malaria disease . This compound was used as a precursor for the synthesis of 4-amino-5-hydrony-2-(5H) furan [4] Dichalcon compound was prepared from furfural on treatment with ketones [5]. Mucobromic acid is a derivative of furfural [6]. 6-(2-furyl)1,4,5,6-tetralydro tetrazine 3(2H)thione was also prepared by treatment of furfural with thiocarbohydrizide [5]. Mandalika in 2012 has synthesized furil from furfural which was the first compound used as insect sized [3] while in 2013 furfural diethyl acetel was prepared by treatment of furfural with ethanol in presence of some selective catalysis [7-9]. This derivative was used for many synthetic routes. N-(E)-furan-2-methyleden-2-(1,3-beuzothiuzol-2-yl-sulfonyl) aceto hydrazide was prepared from the reaction of furfural with 2-methyl benzothiezole by conventional and microwave methods [10] in (2011) M Baummann et al. have publish a review for the most selling 5-membered ring heterocyclic, pharmaceuticals which indicate the importance of furfural as a moiety for drug synthesis [11]. Furthermore, flavon compound contains furfural ring, furfur aldehyde exhibited IC so values of 75.9, 51.0 and 59.3 mM for HT29, MCF7 and A498 respectively as anti-cancer cell lines [10]. it was also used for the synthesis of 2,3-diamino quinoline [12]. Mucobromic acid was also used for the synthesis of 2-hydroxy-3-(2-indolyl)- 4-bromo furan-5-one by Suzuki reaction13.Many heterocyclic compounds containing furfural moiety have proved to have many pharmaceutical applications [13,14]. In our present study we started synthesizing nitrogen based heterocycles from furfural as precursor for these compounds which are peridines, pyrimidines and azipene these nitrogen containing compounds have proved their activities against nervous system diseases including depression, psychological disorder and schizophrenia [15-17] so they are used as a pharmaceutical compounds for many applications [18-20]. Benzodiazepines are effective for treating a range of psychological and neurological disorders, due to its effects on the neurons that trigger stress and anxiety reactions Carbamazepine, or CBZ, is an anticonvulsant medication and a mood-stabilizing agent. It acts by decreasing the amount of excitement in the brain and is used for epilepsy and the treatment of bipolar disorders. Carbamazepine is effective in controlling seizures by blocking specific brain impulses [21]. It is also used to treat ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder), ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder), and schizophrenia (a psychiatric condition). According to the above importance of both furfural as a furyl heterocyclic moiety and of these new nitrogen compounds and in continuing of our previous work [22] we have investigating these new series of compounds which are promising nitrogen base heterocyclic compounds in which they need further study to prove their biological actions.

Experimental

All melting points were un corrected using Electro thermal melting point apparatus. The chemical compounds were supplied by Aldrich, Fluka and BDH chemical companies.IR spectra were performed using Infrared spectrophotometer Tenson Bruker Co.Germany.1H NMR were recorded using Bruker 400MHz/ Gazisosmanpasa, University (Turkey)in DMSO D6 as solvent. 4,5-Dibromo furfural(1) was prepared using the same published procedure [Dsim] reagent(2) was prepared according to the published procedure. Cellulose sulfuric acid(3) was also prepared following the published procedure.

Synthesis of 2-(furan-2-yl)-6-aryl Piperidine-4-one(E_4-8)

A mixture of 0.01mol. of ammonium acetate in 30ml. ethanol was mixed with 0.05mol. of benzaldehyde, 0.05mol. of furfural and 0.025mol. of 2-butanon.The mixture was refluxed for 2h, cooled and left for 24 h. at room temperature after that 15ml. of conc. HCl was then added, 20ml. of acetone. The suspended solution was treated ammonia solution then with water. The sold product filtered off and crystallized from ethanol physical and IR spectral data are presented in (Tables 1).

Table 1: Physical properties of compounds E_4-8.

Synthesis of some 1,4-dihydro Pyridine Derivatives (E_9,10)

A mixture of (0.96g, 0.01mol.) furfural, 0.02mol. of (methyl aceto acetate or acetyl), 0.013mol. of ammonium acetate and 25 ml. of water. The reaction mixture was stirred at 70o C for 90 min. After that ethanol was added. The precipitated compound was filtered off, dried and crystallized from ethanol, physics and IR spectral data were as follows: compound 6, mp. 188-190o C , yield 74% as white crystals, compound 10 has mp. 177-179o C, yield 62% as yellow crystals . The IR spectra of those two compounds showed the following main absorption bands: 3346-3448cm-1,1705,1697,1653 and 1192, 1099,1219,1122.

Synthesis of some 1,4-dihydro Pyrimidine Derivatives (E_11-14)

A mixture of furfural (2.4g, 0.025mol.), Urea or thiourea (0.033mol.) and acetyl acetone or methyl acetoacetate ( 0.12 g., 0.004mol.) of compound (2) was refluxed on 90o C for 20 min. using oil bath, cooled, water was added to precipitate the product which was filtered off and crystallized from ethanol , physical and IR spectral data were shown in (Table 2).

Table 2: Physical properties of compounds E_11-14.

Synthesis of 2-Methyl-4-(furan -2yl)-6-substituted phenyl-1,4- dihydro-3-pyridine carboxylate (E_15-20)

Ethyl acetoacetate (0.001mol. and compounds E_25-31) each 0.01mol. and 0.01mol. Ammonium acetate were mixed with compounds (3), (0.05g.) in 5ml. of H₂ O. The final mixture was refluxed with stirring for the indicated time (Table 5), cooled, 25mol. of dichloromethane was then added , filtered. The filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure. The solid product was recrystallized from ethanol, physical and IR spectral data were shown in (Tables 3).

Table 3: Physical properties of compounds E_15-20.

Synthesis of 1-(4-substituted phenyl)-3-(4,5-dibrono furan-2-yl or furan-2yl)-2-propene-1-one(E_21-30)

Furfural or 4,5-dibromo furfural (0.034mol.) and (0.034mol.) of acetophenone or its substitutes were mixed together and stirred at 5-15_o C for 10 min., sodium hydroxide 10% was then added drop wise. After complete addition, the mixture was stirred for further 3-4 hours. The reaction mixture was left for 24 hours. The solid ppt. was washed with cold water, physical and IR spectral data are presented in (Tables 4).

Table 4: Physical properties of compounds E_21-30.

Synthesis of 2-(Furan-2-yl)-4-phenyl -2,3-dihydro -1H-benzo[b] ,[1,4]-diazepines(E_31-37)

Compounds (E13-23), 0.01mol., ortho phenylene diamine (0.01mol.) were mixed together, cellulose- sulfonic acid (0.01 mol.) was then added . The reaction mixture was refluxed at 80_o C for a given time Tables (10) the reaction was monitored by TLC after completion it was cooled and extracted with 3x10 of ether. The combined ether was dried, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The solid product was crystallized from etherethyl acetate, Physical and spectral data are presented in (Table 5).

Table 5: Physical properties of compounds E_31-37.

Results and Discussion

Compounds (E_4-8) were prepared from the reaction of furfural with benzaldehyde or its derivatives in presence of 2-butanone and ammonium acetate in ethanol as a solvent (scheme 1) .These compounds were characterized by IR cm-1: 3155-3428 belong to NH,1705-1735 for C=O while the aromatic appeared at 1632-1662, C-O sym and assym . absorbed at 1009 and 1176 respectively . Proton magnetic resonance of compound E5 showed the following resonating signals ʃppm : 8.64(s) for NH, (m) signal at 7.04-7.06 for benzene and furan ring (7H) , singlet signal at 3.82 belongs to –OCH₃ of the phenyl substituted (3H), doubled signal at 3.39 and 3.44 for the CH proton Piperidine ring (2H) while the CH₂ of Piperidine ring appeared at 2.50ppm. The 1HNMR spectrum of compound E10 was characterized by the following resonating signals ʃ ppm.: 9.01(s) for NH proton, 7.40 (d) for 5H of furan ring, 6.24 for 4H of the furan ring, 5.83 (d) for proton 3 of furan ring , 5.04 (s) for the Piperidine ring proton, 3.60 for OCH₃ protons and 2.25 (s) for CH₃ (6H) (Table 6).

Table 6: IR spectral data of compounds E_4-8.

Scheme 1.

Compound (E_11-14)

This series of compounds were prepared by condensation of compounds (E_4-8) with Urea, thiourea , acetyl acetone or methyl aceto acetate using [Dsim] as catalyst(scheme1). The synthesized compound was characterized by IR (Table 7).

Table 7: IR spectral data of compounds E_4-8.

The first two compounds of this series (E_11-12) were characterized by 1HNMR as follows: For E11 compound (s) signal at 9.30ppm. Belongs to NH proton, (d) at 7.50ppm. For proton at position 5 of furan ring, (t) signal at 6.35ppm. fpr proton of position 4 of furan ring, (d) signal at 6.10ppm. For proton of position 3 of furan ring, (d) at 5.3ppm. For the Piperidine proton, (5) of 3.37ppm. belongs to C=OCH₃ protons and (d) at 2.23ppm. for CH₃ protons. While compound E12 characterized by the following resonating signals ʃppm.: 10.31, 9.7 (s) belong to NH proton, (s) at 7.58 for position (5) proton of furan ring, (t) at 6.38 for position (4) proton, (d) at 6.17 for position (3) proton of furan ring, (d) at 5.36 for the Piperidine proton, (s) at 3.30 assigned to COCH₃ and (s) at 2.20 to CH₃ equivalent to 3H.

Compounds (E_15-20)

This series of compounds were prepared from the condensation of the corresponding chalcones with ethyl aceto acetate, ammonium acetate using cellulose sulfonic acid as catalyst. These compounds were characterized by the following IR absorption bands; see (Table 8). This Table revealed the presence of NH absorbed at 3284-3420cm^-1 for NH, 1703-1739cm^-1 for C=C while C-O sym and assym appeared at 1026-1261cm^-1, see Table 8. 1HNMR spectrum of compound E16 gave the following resonating signals ʃppm.: multiplet(m) signal at 7.42,7.59,7.65,7.77,7.82 and 8.07 related to 5 position protons of furan and the aromatic ring protons, NH proton respectively. Triplet signal at 6.40 belongs to proton of furan ring, (d) at 6.33 for position 3 proton of furan ring, (d) at 5.00 for proton 5 of furan ring, (d) at 4.63 for Piperidine proton of position 4, (q) at 4.18 for C₂ of ester moiety, (s) at 3.88 for CH₃ of the substituted at 2 position of Piperidine, (s) at 2.50 for CH₃ of ester, 1.94 as double belongs to CH₃ of ester see.

Table 8: IR spectral data of compounds E_15-20.

Compounds (E<_21-30)
This series of chalcone compounds were prepared from the condensation of 4,5-di bromo furfural with some acetophenones (Scheme 1). The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, Table. This Table revealed the presence of C=O stretching vibration at 1660-1697cm^-1, C=C Aliphatic appeared at 1578-1664cm^-1, while the aromatic C=C absorbed at 1416-1576cm^-1 together with C-O sym and assym as indicated in (Table 9). These chalcone compounds were used as starting materials for the preparation of diazipine compounds by the condensation with ortho phenylene diamine using sulfamic acid to increase the positive character of the carbonyl chalcones. The final(diazipin) compounds were characterized by the following IR bands cm^-1: 3188-3346 for NH, 1631-1661 for C=N, 1452-1611 for Aromatic C=C stretching, C-O sym and assym. of 1009-1253, see (Table 10 ). As a representative sample of this series compound E36 was studied by 1HNMR . The spectrum showed the following resonating signals: (m) signal at 6.96,7.36 and 7.81 for furan ring protons in which aryl and phenyl ring protons appeared within the same range, (s) signal at 6.26 for proton of position 2 of azipine ring, (s) signal at 3.33 for NH, singlet (s) signal at 2.50 for CH3 which is consider with DMSO signal, (d) at 2.24 belongs CH₂ of a zipine ring protons.

Table 9: IR spectral data of compounds E_21-30.

Table 10: IR spectral data of compounds E_31-37.

Conclusion

As it was stated in the introduction part of this work on the importance of heterocyclic compounds as drugs or co- drug and especially for those when furyl moiety and nitrogen residue were part of the whole compound structure .In this investigation we are focusing on those two important categories, So according to the resulted data given in the experimental part together with discussed results we have succeeded in getting these type of heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen base and at the same time having furyl moiety from furfural precursors which means more activities for both type of compounds that becomes two in one final compound structures, pyridines, pyrimidines and azipines.

Acknowledgments

Authors would like to thank Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Research for Ibtisam Mohhammad Shaban a Scholarship to do this work, Thanks also extended to the chemistry Dept and The Education college of Mosul University for providing the facilities to do this work which is part of Ibtisam PhD Thesis.

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Nanomaterials and their derived sub-groups are emerging into the advanced materials field due to their high free porous volume, structural regularity, robustness, hydrothermal stability, and functional variety. They present high gas uptake capacities and presence of stabilized active functions in the framework. A significant technical challenge has been recognized as the development of a viable method to efficiently trap hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide gas molecules in a confined space for various applications.

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Lupine Publishers LLC isa world’s leading Online Publishing repository, a genuine publisher with quality medical journals. Lupine Publishers LLC peer reviewed publisher is a multidisciplinary, scholarly Open Access publisher focused on Genetic, Biomedical and Remedial missions in relation with Technical Knowledge as well. Lupine Publishers LLC Online Open Access Publisher,craves to select ground- breaking research based on modernism, aptness, scientific connotation, prospective spectator’s interests, setc. Lupine Publishers LLC Online Open Access Publisher endeavor to provide by far and liberally accessible belvedere to researchers and practitioners in support of their novel and valuable ideas. Lupine Publishers LLCOnline Open Access Publisher already have 2000+ Editorial Board members along with 5000+ Published articles with them. Lupine Publishers LLC Online Open Access journals maintains a scrupulous, methodical, fair peer review System. Besides, quality control is riveted in each step of the publication process. Lupine Publishers LLC, strictly follows open access policy: Open access policies are part of rapidly growing researches in academia to enhance and encourage the new modes and techniques of scholarly publication by providing worldwide free access. Members of universities, schools and departments are establishing open access policies to make their research and scholarship more accessible to scholars, educators, policymakers, students and citizens worldwide. The only motto of Lupine Publishers LLC Open access Publisher is accelerating the scientific and technical research papers,considering the importance of technology and the human health in the advanced levels and several emergency medical and clinical issues associated with it, the key attention is given towards biomedical research. Thus, Lupine Publishers LLC asserting the requirement of a common evoked and enriched information sharing platform for the craving readers. Lupine Publishers LLC is such a unique platform to accumulate and publicize scientific knowledge on science and related discipline. Lupine Publishers LLC multidisciplinary open access publisher is rendering a global podium for the professors, academicians, researchers and students of the relevant disciplines to share their scientific excellence in the form of an original research article, review article, case reports, short communication, e-books, video articles, etc. Lupine Publishers LLC has quality journals which are self supporting, with no dependency on any other external sources (like universities, centers) for funds and strives for the best and enhanced quality publications competes the world wide open access publishing market. Lupine Publishers LLC always rely on the support from the members of the Lupine Publishers LLC family that is relevantly their Authors, Editorial Committee members, advisory board, Reviewers Board and all the technical support teams all over the globe. Lupine Publishers LLC trust in the reciprocated coordination and cooperation in terms of sharing the scientific knowledge of individuals and Groups of Research centers/areas will in turn educates and provokes in advanced researches. In this case Lupine Publishers LLC like to act as a media that anchors in the transformation of information in the form of global online publication.

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Journal of Nanomedicine-Lupine Publishers

Removal of Melachite Green Dye by Using Zinc OxideNanoparticles Prepared by The Green Synthesis byUsing Camellia Sinensis (Green Tea) Leafs Extract by Madiha Batool in ANOAJ in Lupine Publishers.

Green synthesis for nanoparticles using microorganisms, enzymes, and plants leaf or plant extracts have been indicated as possible ecofriendly preferences to chemical and physical methods. In this paper, we report the synthesis of zinc oxide particles by green method. Highly stable and hexagonal zinc oxide nanoparticles were produced by using zinc nitrate and green tea leaf extract. Structural, morphological and optical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles have been characterized by using UV–Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, SEM, and XRD analysis. The synthesis of nanoparticles of zinc oxide was observed by the color changing of the chemical solution. Powder X-ray diffraction and SEM analysis revealed the synthesis of both Zn and ZnO nanoparticles with average particle size of 60nm. Shape of zinc oxide nanoparticles was hexagonal with the range 80-120nm. UV spectra confirmed the presence of zinc oxide nanoparticles. FTIR showed the peaks of zinc oxide nanoparticles as well as the presence of other compounds. Melachite green dye has been removed by using zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared from green tea leaf extract. The green color of the dye was removed up to 70% with the use of reducing agent sodium borohydrate. Removal of melachite green dye was performed. Other applications of zinc oxide nanoparticles in the medicine, pharma, biotechnology and industries were discussed.

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/fulltext/removal-of-melachite-green-dye-by-using-zinc-oxide-nanoparticles-prepared-by-the-green-synthesis-by-using-camellia-sinensis.ID.000120.php

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Application of Nanotechnology for Phyto Constituents: Review:(ANOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Application of Nanotechnology for Phyto Constituents: Review by Snehal Bhavsar in ANOAJ in Lupine Publishers.

Herbal medicines have been widely used around the world since ancient times. Medicinal plants are most effective when their active constituent reach at the site of action. Most of plant contains flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids, which are hydrophilic and unable to cross the lipid membranes of the cells so poor absorption, results in less bio availability and efficacy hence need to take in high dose and frequency of dose also increases. If they are formulated using nanotechnology, due to nano ¬structured systems might be able to potentiate the action of plant extracts also reduce the required dose and side effects, and improving activity. Research has shown that use of nanotechnology and formulations like nano liposomes, nano emulsions, lipid nanocarries, phytosomes, micelles and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles beneficial in case of phyto constituent they increases the rate of absorption bio availability and result in better effect of herbal medicines [1-10].To know more click on below link.

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/fulltext/application-of-nanotechnology-for-phyto-constituents-review.ID.000103.php

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Studie on Malachite Green Dye Degradation by Biogenic Metal Nano Cuo And Cuo/Zno Nano Composites:(ANOAJ)-Lupine publishers

Studie on Malachite Green Dye Degradation by Biogenic Metal Nano Cuo And Cuo/Zno Nano Composites by Madiha Batool in ANOAJ in Lupine publishers.

The biosynthesis of nanoparticles put forward a cost-free and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of nanoparticles. In this paper degradation of Malachite green has been carried out using Copper nanoparticles synthesized by Aloe Barbadensis leaf extracts. The green synthesis of the copper nanoparticles has been carried out using an aqueous solution of copper sulphate and extract of Aloe Barbadensis. The colour change of the reaction mixture containing 1mm copper sulphate has been observed from deep blue to colourless and then brick red to dark red indicating the formation of copper nanoparticles. For the characterization of CuO nanoparticles, Ultraviolet (UV), Infrared (IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) have been used. The experimental analysis has revealed an average 60n sized synthesized CuO nanoparticles. The shape of copper nanoparticles has been observed as spherical and cubic ranging between 80-120nm. The different functional group of synthesized nanoparticles has been examined usingFourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The UV spectrophotometer has confirmedthe peak of Copper nanoparticles at 265-285nm.The maximum absorbance of Copper oxide nanoparticles has been observed at 280nm. copper oxide /zinc oxide nanocomposite were synthesized using cheap and cost effective sol-gel method. These cuo/zno nanocomposite were characterized by analytical techniques like (SEM), (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS. The Fourier transform IR analysis result confirmed that composite material were formed. SEM images showed the particle size in the range between 15 to 35nm. Nanocomposite exhibited excellent microwave induced catalytic degradation for malachite green (MG) dye. The initial concentration was 1.8 X 10-5M degradation. The microwave induced catalysis reaction gained about 80% degradation of Malachite Green dye.To know more click on below link.

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/fulltext/studie-on-malachite-green-dye-degradation-by-biogenic-metal-nano-cuo-and-cuo-zno-nano-composites.ID.000119.php

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/abstracts/studie-on-malachite-green-dye-degradation-by-biogenic-metal-nano-cuo-and-cuo-zno-nano-composites.ID.000119.php

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Bactericidal Biodegradable Films with Silver Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Burns:(ANOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Bactericidal Biodegradable Films with Silver Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Burns by Yunusov Khaydar Ergashovich in ANOAJ in Lupine Publishers.

Silver nanoparticles stabilized in a solution of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Na-CMC) with a degree of substitution of 0.65- 0.85 and degree of polymerization of 200-600 were synthesized. Physical, chemical properties, and antimicrobial activity of films prepared from sodium carboxymethylcellulose solutions containing silver nanoparticles were studied. The shapes, quantities, and sizes of the silver nanoparticles occurring in the sodium carboxymethylcellulose films were determined by atomic force microscopy and UV - spectroscopy. The shape, size, and quantity of silver nanoparticles determine their biological activity. At increase of the silver nanoparticle sizes of 5 up to 25 nm was found to enhance the microbicidal activitiy of the carboxymethylcellulose films.

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/fulltext/bactericidal-biodegradable-films-with-silver-nanoparticles-for-the-treatment-of-burns.ID.000118.php

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/abstracts/bactericidal-biodegradable-films-with-silver-nanoparticles-for-the-treatment-of-burns.ID.000118.php

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Nanomaterials as Sorbents for Environmental Remediation:(ANOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Nanomaterials as Sorbents for Environmental Remediation by Jayshree Ramkumar in ANOAJ in Lupine Publishers.

The rapid pace of industrialization and its resulting by-products have affected the environment by producing hazardous wastes and poisonous gas fumes and smokes, which have been released to the environment. Conventional technologies have been used to treat all types of organic and toxic waste by sorption, biological oxidation, chemical oxidation and incineration.

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/fulltext/nanomaterials-as-sorbents-for-environmental-remediation.ID.000116.php

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/abstracts/nanomaterials-as-sorbents-for-environmental-remediation.ID.000116.php

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Development and Characterization of Glandless Cottonseed Meal/Pullulan Fine Fiber Mats:(ANOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Development and Characterization of Glandless Cottonseed Meal/Pullulan Fine Fiber Mats by

Karen Lozano in ANOAJ in Lupine publishers.

Glandless cotton seed meal (GCSM) extracted from cotton is composed of nearly 50 percent protein. For about every 100kg of cotton fiber produced the cotton plant yields approximately 160kg of cottonseed. GCSM presents a unique opportunity to be used in the food industry. In this study, GCSM based polymer composite edible fine fibers were successfully produced using pullulan as the polymeric base. GCSM solutions were developed and spun as fine fibers using a centrifugal spinning technology. A synergistic approach among fiber output and fiber diameter was pursued by modifying angular velocity and concentration of pullulan and GCSM within an aqueous solution. The developed fibers show average fiber diameters of 720nm with a standard deviation of 200nm. Thermo-physical analysis was conducted. The opportunity to develop GCSM fine fiber mats opens up potential applications in food packaging and drug delivery systems to mention some.

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/fulltext/development-and-characterization-of-glandless-cottonseed-meal-pullulan-fine-fiber-mats.ID.000117.php

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/abstracts/development-and-characterization-of-glandless-cottonseed-meal-pullulan-fine-fiber-mats.ID.000117.php

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Application of Nanomaterials as Antimicrobial Agents: A Review:(ANOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Application of Nanomaterials as Antimicrobial Agents: A Review by Muhammad Ali in ANOAJ in Lupine Publishers.

Bacterial strains resistant to the antibiotics now in use have becomes serious public health problems that increases the need to develop new bactericidal materials. Consequently, there is a strong demand for developing novel strategies and new materials that can cope with these problems. The emergence of nanotechnology has created many new antimicrobial options. The small size of the nanoparticles is very suitable for carrying out antimicrobial biological operations. Metals such as silver, zinc, copper and iron nanoparticle types have shown tremendous potential as bactericidal and fungicidal elements, demonstrating their potential as efficient antibiotic reagents in wound care and related medical issues. These nanomaterials displayed antimicrobial activity against numerous pathogenic viral and bacterial species. Nanomaterials today are a promising platform for alternative measures to control bacterial infections as they offer prolonged antimicrobial activity with negligible toxicity, compared with small molecular antimicrobial agents that display short term activity and environmental toxicity. The antimicrobial nanoparticle physically destroys cell membranes of the organism which prevent development of drug-resistance microbes.

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/fulltext/application-of-nanomaterials-as-antimicrobial-agents-a-review.ID.000114.php

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/abstracts/application-of-nanomaterials-as-antimicrobial-agents-a-review.ID.000114.php

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Potential of Carbon Nanotubes in Enhance of Photocatalyst Activity:(ANOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Potential of Carbon Nanotubes in Enhance of Photocatalyst Activity by Emad Yousif in ANOAJ in Lupine Publishers.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have generated huge activity in most areas of science and engineering due to their remarkable physical and chemical properties. No previous materials have displayed the combination of superlative mechanical, thermal and electronic properties attributed to them. These properties make nanotubes ideal, not only for a wide range of applications but as a test bed for fundamental science. This review highlighted some of the properties of these nanotubes and also their role as supports materials in enhance of photocatalytic activity of nanocrystals for removal of contaminants.

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/fulltext/potential-of-carbon-nanotubes-in-enhance-of-photocatalyst-activity.ID.000115.php

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/abstracts/potential-of-carbon-nanotubes-in-enhance-of-photocatalyst-activity.ID.000115.php

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Printable Self-Assembled Peptide Bio-Inks: Promising Future Applications in Nanomedicine :(ANOAJ) - Lupine Publishers

Printable Self-Assembled Peptide Bio-Inks: Promising Future Applications in Nanomedicine  by

Apurba K Das in ANOAJ in Lupine Publishers.

In the current era of research and development, nanotechnology and additive manufacturing play a key role in the industry as well as in the healthcare applications. In order to explore medicinal applications, researchers focus on the design and synthesis of biocompatible nanoparticles and nanomaterials. Molecular self-assembly is a powerful approach for the fabrication of supramolecular functional materials. Self-assembly offers the integration of nanotechnology with the additive manufacturing for the fabrication of three dimensional (3D) printed objects. The cross-linked peptide hydrogels are gaining attention as potential bioink for the 3D bio-fabrication. The current article focuses on the scope of the printable peptide containing hydrogels as bio-ink in the fields of nanomedicine, drug delivery and tissue engineering.

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/fulltext/printable-self-assembled-peptide-bio-inks-promising-future-applications-in-nanomedicine.ID.000113.php

https://lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/abstracts/printable-self-assembled-peptide-bio-inks-promising-future-applications-in-nanomedicine.ID.000113.php

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Nanotechnology in Cancer: an Overview on Importance of Patient’s Screening in Nanomedicine Based Combinational Therapies by Bikash Medhi:(ANOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Nanotechnology in Cancer: an Overview on Importance of Patient’s Screening in Nanomedicine Based Combinational Therapies by Bikash Medhi in ANOAJ in Lupine Publishers

Targeting cancer using nanomedicine is not a new concept. Earlier focus was on targeted therapy and then concept came of combinational therapy. Along with the use of combinational therapies, Pre-selection screening of the patients using molecular approach is equally important to achieve the maximum benefit to the cancer patients.

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/fulltext/nanotechnology-in-cancer-an-overview-on-importance-of-patients-screening-in-nanomedicine-based-combinational-therapies.ID.000112.php

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/nano-science-nano-technology-journal/abstracts/nanotechnology-in-cancer-an-overview-on-importance-of-patients-screening-in-nanomedicine-based-combinational-therapies.ID.000112.php

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